Prevalence of youth type 2 diabetes in global Indigenous populations: a systematic review.

Methods

We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane, and bibliographies of included studies, from 1 January 1980 to 14 September 2024.

我们从1980年1月1日至2024年9月14日，检索了MEDLINE、Embase、CINAHL和Cochrane，以及所包括研究的参考文献。

We included cross-sectional observational studies that reported diabetes point prevalenceestimates (per 1000) and prevalencetrends in Indigenous youth aged under 25 years from all regions.

我们纳入了报告了25岁以下原住民青少年糖尿病点患病率估计（每1000人）和患病率趋势的横断面观察性研究，涵盖所有地区。

Age- and gender-specific analysis and secular trends were reported.

报告了年龄和性别特异性的分析以及长期趋势。

Study quality was assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale adapted for Indigenous health research.

研究质量使用了为原住民健康研究调整的改良版Newcastle-Ottawa量表进行评估。

Results

From 2342 records and 27 additional references, 49 studies were retained for data extraction.

从2342条记录和27个额外的参考文献中，保留了49项研究以进行数据提取。

Total type 2 diabetes prevalence, reported in 33 of 49 studies from 36 distinct populations across six countries and two self-governing states, varied widely (0-44 per 1000), with 75% (27/36) of the populations reporting a prevalenceof over 1 per 1000.

在来自六个不同国家和两个自治州的49项研究中的33项报告了2型糖尿病的总体患病率，36个不同人群的患病率差异很大（0-44/1000），其中75%（27/36）的人群报告的患病率超过1/1000。

Age-specific data, available in 44 studies, showed increased prevalencewith age: 0-4 per 1000 at age <10 years; 0-44 per 1000 at age 10-19 years; and 0-64 per 1000 at age 15-25 years.

在44项研究中可获得的年龄特定数据表明，患病率随年龄增长而增加：10岁以下年龄组为0-4/1000；10-19岁年龄组为0-44/1000；15-25岁年龄组为0-64/1000。

Of 22 studies with gender-specific data, 77% showed a female predominance.

在22项具有性别特定数据的研究中，有77%显示女性占优势。

Secular trends, examined in 12 studies since 1981, showed a rising prevalencein young adults (aged 15-25 years) in eight of ten studies, and in youth aged under 15 years in six of nine studies.

自1981年以来在12项研究中考察的长期趋势显示，在10项研究中有8项显示15-25岁年轻人的患病率上升，在9项研究中有6项显示15岁以下青少年的患病率上升。

Heterogeneity in study design, diagnostic criteria, and incomplete age- and gender disaggregation precluded meta-analysis.

研究设计、诊断标准的异质性以及年龄和性别分层数据的不完整，妨碍了荟萃分析。

conclusions/interpretation

Youth type 2 diabetes prevalencein Indigenous populations is very high, particularly in young adulthood, and among the female sex.

土著人群中青少年2型糖尿病的患病率非常高，特别是在青年人群中，以及在女性中。

Prevalencehas increased over time.

患病率随时间增加。

Future research should stratify data by age and pubertal status, and identify both protective and risk factors to inform targeted prevention strategies.

未来的研究应该按年龄和青春期状态对数据进行分层，并识别保护因素和风险因素，以提供针对性的预防策略。

Indigenous-led, community-specific approaches that actively engage youth are critical in the development and implementation of diabetes surveillance, prevention and management programmes.

在糖尿病监测、预防和管理计划的开发和实施中，积极吸引年轻人参与的以原住民为主导、针对特定社区的方法至关重要。

trial_registration

PROSPERO registration no.

PROSPERO 注册号

CRD42021278418.

CRD42021278418。