Health-Related Quality of Life After Living Kidney Donation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This meta-analysisassessed the impact of living kidney donation on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among donors overall and among those at higher risk for negative health impacts.

这项荟萃分析评估了活体肾捐赠对供体整体以及那些有更高负面健康影响风险的供体的健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）的影响。

study_design

Systematic reviewand meta-analysis.

系统评价和荟萃分析。

SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: Living donors of kidney allografts included in studies of postdonation HRQoL with predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

设置与参与者：根据预设的纳入和排除标准，将活体肾移植供体纳入研究，以评估其捐献后的健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）。

Studies were identified through a comprehensive search of Embase, MEDLINE OvidSP, CENTRAL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and the top 100 rankings in Google Scholar.

通过全面搜索Embase、MEDLINE OvidSP、CENTRAL、Web of Science、PsycINFO以及Google Scholar排名前100的研究，确定了研究对象。

data_extraction

Data were extracted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, with independent extraction by multiple observers to ensure accuracy.

数据提取遵循PRISMA指南，由多个观察者独立提取，以确保准确性。

analytical_approach

Primary outcomes included the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and its composite mental component summary (MCS) and physical component summary (PCS).

主要结果包括36项简短健康调查问卷（SF-36）及其综合心理成分总结（MCS）和身体成分总结（PCS）。

These measures were used to compare postdonation HRQoL with predonation levels and to the HRQoL of the general population.

这些测量工具被用来比较捐献后的健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）与捐献前的水平，以及与普通人群的HRQoL。

Study-level effects were calculated as standardized mean differences for continuous variables.

研究级别的效应以连续变量的标准平均差进行计算。

Pooled effects were estimated with a random-effects model using restricted maximum likelihood.

使用限制性最大似然法的随机效应模型估计了汇总效应。

Results

The meta-analysisincluded 73 studies with 14,474 donors.

该荟萃分析纳入了73项研究，共有14,474名捐赠者。

The MCS did not show significant changes at 3, 6, or 12 or more months after donation compared with baseline.

在捐赠后3个月、6个月或12个月及以上，MCS（心理社会功能评分）与基线相比没有显示出显著变化。

However, the PCS was significantly lower at 3 months after donation compared with before donation (standardized mean difference, -0.38 [95% CI, -0.72 to -0.05], P = 0.02), which did not persist at 6 or 12 months.

然而，捐赠后3个月的躯体成分评分（PCS）显著低于捐赠前（标准化平均差异，-0.38 [95% 置信区间, -0.72至-0.05]，P = 0.02），这一差异在6个月或12个月时并未持续。

Both PCS and MCS scores were significantly higher in donors than in the general population.

捐赠者的躯体成分评分（PCS）和心理成分评分（MCS）均显著高于普通人群。

Donors' HRQoL scores were comparable to or better than those of healthy controls, recipients, patients who underwent a nephrectomy, and patients receiving maintenance dialysis.

供体的健康相关生活质量(HRQoL)评分与健康对照组、受体、接受肾切除术的患者以及接受维持性透析的患者相当或更好。

limitations

Heterogeneity in study populations and outcomes, a limited number of studies for certain comparisons, methodological weaknesses of especially older studies, variability across geographies studied, and unaccounted for temporal changes.

研究人群和结果的异质性、某些比较的研究数量有限、特别是较旧研究的方法学弱点、研究地理区域的差异以及未考虑的时间变化。

Conclusions

Kidney donors reported physical HRQoL to be decreased after living donor nephrectomy, which returned to predonation levels by 6 months.

肾脏捐赠者报告称，活体供肾切除术后身体健康相关生活质量有所下降，但到6个月时恢复到捐赠前水平。

The HRQoL reported by living donors was significantly better than that of the general population and healthy controls.

活体捐赠者报告的健康相关生活质量显著优于普通人群和健康对照组。

These findings suggest that concerns about postdonation HRQoL need not be a deterrent to potential living kidney donors.

这些发现表明，对潜在活体肾捐赠者而言，捐赠后健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）的担忧不应成为其捐赠的障碍。

trial_registration

Registered at PROSPERO with study number CRD42024540202.

该研究已在PROSPERO注册，注册编号为CRD42024540202。

PLAIN-LANGUAGE SUMMARY: This study examined the well-being of living kidney donors after donation by summarizing the findings of 73 studies, which included more than 14,000 donors.

简易语言总结：本研究通过总结73项研究的发现，这些研究包括超过14,000名捐赠者，考察了活体肾脏捐赠者在捐赠后的福祉状况。

Overall, the donors' quality of life remained high.

总体而言，捐赠者的生活质量保持在高水平。

Their physical health was slightly lower 3 months after donation but returned to predonation levels shortly afterward.

他们在捐献后3个月的身体健康状况略有下降，但之后不久就恢复到了捐献前的水平。

Their quality of life related to mental health remained unchanged after donation.

他们的心理健康相关生活质量在捐献后保持不变。

Donors generally experienced health comparable to or better than that of the general population and other patient groups.

捐赠者通常经历的健康状况与普通人群或其他患者群体相当或更好。

Certain factors, such as complications or stress related to the recipient's condition, may temporarily have affected donors' well-being, but most recovered fully within a year.

某些因素，如与受体状况相关的并发症或压力，可能暂时影响了捐赠者的福祉，但大多数人一年内完全恢复。

These findings may reassure potential donors that kidney donation does not typically have long-term negative effects on their health.

这些发现可能会让潜在的肾脏捐赠者放心，肾脏捐赠通常不会对他们的健康造成长期负面影响。