Cardiovascular Risk Reduction With GLP-1 RA Drugs.

Initially developed as glucose-lowering therapies for type 2 diabetes, these agents have demonstrated broad benefits that extend well beyond glycemic control.

最初作为2型糖尿病的降糖治疗药物开发，这些药物已经显示出超越血糖控制的广泛益处。

GLP-1 RAs enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion and reduce appetite, leading to improved glycemia and sustained weight loss.

GLP-1 RAs增强葡萄糖依赖性胰岛素分泌并减少食欲，从而改善血糖并持续减重。

In addition, GLP-1 signaling exerts vascular and myocardial effects, including improved endothelial function, reduced inflammation and oxidative stress, and favorable changes in cardiac metabolism and remodeling.

此外，GLP-1信号传导具有血管和心肌效应，包括改善内皮功能，减少炎症和氧化应激，以及在心脏代谢和重塑方面的有利变化。

Large randomized cardiovascular outcomes trials have consistently shown that several GLP-1 RAs reduce major adverse cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular death, and heart failure.

大规模随机心血管结果试验一致显示，几种GLP-1 RAs可以减少主要不良心血管事件，包括心肌梗死、中风、心血管死亡和心力衰竭。

Benefits have been observed across diverse populations, including individuals with established cardiovascular disease and those with obesity but without diabetes.

这些益处已在不同人群中观察到，包括已患有心血管疾病的人群以及那些肥胖但没有糖尿病的人。

Emerging therapies targeting multiple incretin pathways, such as dual GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide)-GLP-1 RAs, may further extend these benefits.

新兴疗法针对多个肠促胰岛素途径，例如双效GIP（葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素多肽）-GLP-1 RAs，可能会进一步扩展这些益处。

Collectively, these findings suggest that GLP-1 RAs influence multiple cardiometabolic pathways and may shift the underlying metabolic milieu toward a more favorable physiological state.

综合这些发现，GLP-1 RAs影响多个心脏代谢途径，并可能将潜在的代谢环境转变为更有利的生理状态。

In this Clinical Primer, we review the physiology of GLP-1 signaling, the evidence supporting cardiovascular risk reduction, and practical considerations for the clinical use of incretin-based therapies.

在这篇临床指南中，我们回顾了GLP-1信号传导的生理学，支持心血管风险降低的证据，以及增加素类治疗临床使用的实际考虑。