Stroke Recognition Tools for Spanish-Speaking Consumers: A Nationwide Study.

Existing Spanish stroke recognition acronyms need to be evaluated among SSHL adults.

现有的西班牙语中风识别助记词需要在西班牙裔和拉丁裔成人群体中进行评估。

Methods

A 3-phase exploratory sequential design was used.

采用了3阶段的探索性顺序设计。

To inform design of AHORA (Andar [Walk] or Alzar [Raise], Hablar [Talk], Ojos [Eyes], Rostro [Face], Ambos Brazos [Both Arms] or Activar [Activate]), PARA Stroke (Palabras [Words], Alzar [Raise], Rostro [Face], Avisar [Warn]), and RÁPIDO (Rostro Caído [Face Drooping], Alteración Del Equilibrio [Loss of Balance], Pérdida de Fuerza en el Brazo o Una Pierna [Loss of Strength in an Arm or Leg], Impedimento Visual [Visual Impairment], Dificultad PARA Stroke Hablar [Difficulty Speaking], Obtén Ayuda [Get Help]) before a randomized, parallel, 4-group prepost efficacy study involving 1105 SSHL participants (phase 3), interviews with health care professionals (n=15; phase 1) in May-June 2022 and focus groups with SSHL individuals (n=24; phase 2) were conducted in June-July 2022.

在涉及1105名SSHL（单侧听力损失）参与者（第3阶段）的随机平行4组前后效果研究之前，为了设计AHORA（行走或抬高，说话，眼睛，面部，双臂或激活），PARA中风（单词，抬高，面部，警告），和RÁPIDO（面部下垂，平衡丧失，一只手臂或一条腿的力量丧失，视觉障碍，说话困难，获取帮助），在2022年5月至6月对医疗专业人员（n=15；第1阶段）进行了访谈，并在2022年6月至7月对SSHL个体（n=24；第2阶段）进行了焦点小组讨论。

Participants viewed a 1-minute video that included AHORA, PARA Stroke, RÁPIDO, or usual care (education without an acronym).

参与者观看了一个包含AHORA、PARA中风、RÁPIDO或常规护理（无缩写词的教育）的1分钟视频。

Stroke knowledge and intent to contact 9-1-1 were examined pre- and 30 days post-video exposure via online questionnaires.

通过在线问卷，在视频观看前后30天内检查了中风知识和联系9-1-1的意图。

Ordinal regression analyses were completed to determine acronym performances in improving stroke recognition, and binomial regression analyses were completed to determine increasing intention to call 9-1-1.

通过序数回归分析确定缩略词在提高中风识别方面的性能，并通过二项回归分析确定增加拨打9-1-1的意图。

Post hoc repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine if any acronym led to the greatest increase in intention to call 9-1-1.

使用事后重复测量方差分析来确定是否有任何缩略词导致拨打9-1-1的意图增加最多。

Results

At 30 days post-video (n=367), odds of recognizing more stroke signs compared with usual care were given as follows: odds ratio, 0.87 (95% CI, 0.45-1.69; P=0.69), odds ratio, 0.54 (95% CI, 0.28-1.00; P=0.05), and odds ratio, 1.47 (95% CI, 0.73-2.99; P=0.28), and odds of increased intent to call 9-1-1 were given as follows: 1.18 (95% CI, 0.59-2.37; P=0.64), 0.95 (95% CI, 0.49-1.80; P=0.76), and 1.06 (95% CI, 0.54-2.06; P=0.84) for AHORA, PARA Stroke, and RÁPIDO, respectively.

在视频后30天(n=367)，与常规护理相比，识别更多中风迹象的几率如下：比值比为0.87（95%置信区间，0.45-1.69；P=0.69），比值比为0.54（95%置信区间，0.28-1.00；P=0.05），以及比值比为1.47（95%置信区间，0.73-2.99；P=0.28），而增加拨打9-1-1意图的几率如下：AHORA为1.18（95%置信区间，0.59-2.37；P=0.64），PARA Stroke为0.95（95%置信区间，0.49-1.80；P=0.76），RÁPIDO为1.06（95%置信区间，0.54-2.06；P=0.84）。

The acronyms had significant long-term positive effects on the intent to call 9-1-1 (F[1101]=251.457; P<0.001; MSE=41.321) although no significant differences were observed between the acronyms.

尽管在这些缩写词之间没有观察到显著差异，但这些缩写词对长期拨打9-1-1的意图产生了显著的正面影响（F[1101]=251.457；P<0.001；MSE=41.321）。

Conclusions

AHORA, PARA Stroke, and RÁPIDO performed comparably to usual care.

AHORA、PARA Stroke和RÁPIDO在与常规护理的比较中表现相当。

Healthcare professionals and SSHL consumers preferred a Spanish-language acronym, specifically RÁPIDO and PARA Stroke, compared with an acronym translated verbatim from English to Spanish.

医疗专业人员和SSHL消费者更倾向于使用西班牙语缩写词，特别是RÁPIDO和PARA Stroke，而不是直接从英语翻译成西班牙语的缩写词。