Global, regional, and national burden of headache disorders, 1990-2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.

This study presents updated results on headache-attributed burden from 1990 to 2023, along with clinical and public health implications.

本研究呈现了从1990年到2023年头痛归因负担的最新结果，以及临床和公共卫生方面的意义。

Methods

Data on the prevalence, incidence, or remission of migraine, tension-type headache, and medication-overuse headache were extracted from published population-based studies.

从已发表的人群基础研究中提取了偏头痛、紧张型头痛和药物过量使用性头痛的患病率、发病率或缓解率的数据。

We used hierarchical Bayesian meta-regression modelling to estimate global, regional, and country-level prevalenceof headache disorders.

我们使用了分层贝叶斯元回归建模来估计全球、区域和国家层面的头痛疾病的患病率。

For the first time in GBD 2023, age-specific and sex-specific estimates of time in symptomatic state were applied by meta-analysing individual participant data from 41 653 individuals from the general populations of 18 countries from all parts of the world.

在2023年全球疾病负担研究中，首次应用了特定年龄段和性别的症状状态时间估计，这是通过对来自全球18个国家的41,653名普通人群个体数据进行荟萃分析得出的。

Disability weights were applied to calculate years lived with disability (YLDs).

应用了残疾权重来计算残疾生存年（YLDs）。

Since medication-overuse headache is a sequela of a mistreated primary headache (due to medication overuse), its burden was reattributed to migraine or tension-type headache, informed by a meta-analysisof three longitudinal studies.

由于药物过度使用头痛是由于药物过度使用而导致的原发性头痛的并发症，其负担被重新归因于偏头痛或紧张型头痛，这一结论是基于三项纵向研究的荟萃分析得出的。

Results

In 2023, 2·9 billion individuals (95% uncertainty interval 2·6-3·1) were affected by headache disorders, with a global age-standardised prevalenceof 34·6% (31·6-37·5) and a YLD rate of 541·9 (373·4-739·9) per 100 000 population, with 487·5 (323·0-678·8) per 100 000 population attributed to migraine.

2023年，有29亿人（95% 不确定性区间 26-31亿）受到头痛疾病的困扰，全球年龄标准化患病率为34.6%（31.6-37.5），每10万人口中有541.9（373.4-739.9）的伤残调整生命年（YLD）率，其中每10万人口中归因于偏头痛的有487.5（323.0-678.8）。

The prevalencerates of these headache disorders have remained stable over the past three decades.

这些头痛疾病的患病率在过去三十年中保持稳定。

YLD rates due to headache disorders were more than twice as high in females (739·9 [511·2-1011·5] per 100 000) as in males (346·1 [240·4-481·8] per 100 000).

头痛疾病导致的伤残调整寿命年（YLD）率在女性中（每10万人中739.9 [511.2-1011.5]）是男性的两倍多（每10万人中346.1 [240.4-481.8]）。

Medication-overuse headache contributed 58·9% of the YLD estimates for tension-type headache in males and 56·1% in females, as well as 22·6% of the YLD estimates for migraines in males and 14·1% in females.

药物过度使用性头痛在男性紧张型头痛的伤残调整生命年(YLD)估计中占58.9%，在女性中占56.1%，在男性偏头痛的YLD估计中占22.6%，在女性中占14.1%。

interpretation

Headache disorders, in particular migraine, continue to be a major global health challenge, emphasising the need for effective management and prevention strategies.

头痛疾病，特别是偏头痛，仍然是一个重大的全球健康挑战，强调了有效管理和预防策略的必要性。

Much headache-attributed burden could be averted or eliminated by avoiding overuse of medication (including over-the-counter medication), underscoring the importance of public education.

通过避免过度使用药物（包括非处方药）可以预防或消除许多头痛相关的负担，这强调了公众教育的重要性。

funding

Gates Foundation.

盖茨基金会。