DASH-Patterned Groceries and Effects on Blood Pressure: The GoFresh Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background

The Groceries for Black Residents of Boston to Stop Hypertension (GoFresh) trial was conducted to determine the effects of low sodium-DASH groceries on systolic BP.

为了确定低钠-DASH杂货对收缩压的影响，进行了波士顿黑人居民停止高血压的杂货试验（GoFresh）。

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This parallel-group randomized clinical trial was conducted in Boston from August 2022 to September 2025 among Black residents of urban communities with few grocery stores, a systolic BP of 120 to less than 150 mm Hg, a diastolic BP less than 100 mm Hg, and no hypertension treatment.

设计、设置和参与者：这项平行组随机临床试验于2022年8月至2025年9月在波士顿进行，研究对象为城市社区中少有杂货店的黑人居民，其收缩压为120至小于150毫米汞柱，舒张压小于100毫米汞柱，并且没有接受高血压治疗。

Data were analyzed from June through October 2025.

数据从2025年6月至10月进行分析。

Methods

Participants were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of home-delivered, DASH-patterned groceries ordered weekly with dietitian counseling without emphasizing cost or three $500 stipends every 4 weeks intended for self-directed grocery shopping.

参与者被随机分配接受12周的家庭配送的DASH模式食品，每周订购并接受营养师咨询，但不强调成本，或者每4周接受三个500美元的津贴，用于自主购物。

main_outcomes_and_measures

The primary comparison was the difference in the 3-month change in model-estimated office systolic BP (based on 3 measurements over at least 2 visits) between interventions.

主要比较是干预措施之间在3个月期间模型估算的办公室收缩压变化（基于至少2次访问的3次测量）的差异。

Adherence was assessed via 24-hour urine collection.

依从性是通过24小时尿液收集来评估的。

Secondary outcomes included diastolic BP, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1c levels, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol.

次要结果包括舒张压、体重指数（BMI）、血红蛋白A1c水平和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇。

Maintenance of effects was assessed 3 months after intervention cessation.

干预停止后3个月评估了效果的维持情况。

Results

Among 180 participants, (mean [SD] age, 46.1 [13.3] years; 102 female [56.7%]; 180 self-reported Black [100%]; 12 Hispanic [6.7%]), 175 individuals (97.2%) completed the primary outcome assessment.

在180名参与者中（平均[标准差]年龄，46.1[13.3]岁；102名女性[56.7%]；180名自报为黑人[100%]；12名西班牙裔[6.7%]），有175人（97.2%）完成了主要结果评估。

Mean (SD) baseline systolic BP and diastolic BP were 130.0 (6.7) mm Hg and 79.8 (8.1) mm Hg.

基线时平均（标准差）收缩压和舒张压分别为130.0（6.7）毫米汞柱和79.8（8.1）毫米汞柱。

At 3 months, the mean systolic BP changed -5.7 mm Hg (95% CI, -7.4, to-3.9 mm Hg) in the DASH-patterned group and -2.3 mm Hg (95% CI, -4.1 to -0.4 mm Hg) in the self-directed group (difference in changes, -3.4 mm Hg; 95% CI, -5.9 to -0.8 mm Hg; P = .009).

3个月时，DASH模式组的平均收缩压变化为-5.7毫米汞柱（95%置信区间，-7.4至-3.9毫米汞柱），自我指导组为-2.3毫米汞柱（95%置信区间，-4.1至-0.4毫米汞柱）（变化差异，-3.4毫米汞柱；95%置信区间，-5.9至-0.8毫米汞柱；P = .009）。

Compared with the self-directed group, after 3 months the DASH-patterned group changed mean diastolic BP by -2.4 mm Hg (95% CI, -4.2 to -0.5 mm Hg), urine sodium level by -545 mg/24 h (95% CI, -1041 to -50 mg/24 h), and LDL cholesterol by -8.0 mg/dL (95% CI, -13.7 to -2.3 mg/dL) (to convert LDL cholesterol to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0259).

与自我指导组相比，经过3个月后，DASH模式组的平均舒张压降低了2.4毫米汞柱（95%置信区间，-4.2至-0.5毫米汞柱），尿钠水平降低了545毫克/24小时（95%置信区间，-1041至-50毫克/24小时），低密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低了8.0毫克/分升（95%置信区间，-13.7至-2.3毫克/分升）（将低密度脂蛋白胆固醇转换为毫摩尔/升，乘以0.0259）。

Effects were not maintained 6 months after the intervention was initiated.

干预措施启动后6个月，效果未能维持。

No effects occurred in BMI or hemoglobin A1c level.

在本研究中，BMI或糖化血红蛋白A1c水平未见明显变化。

conclusions_and_relevance

In this study, a program of home-delivered, DASH-style groceries plus dietitian counseling decreased BP and LDL cholesterol levels beyond comparable monetary compensation.

本研究中，一个包含家庭配送的DASH饮食风格食品和营养师咨询的项目，其降低血压和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的效果超过了相当金额的经济补偿。

However, effects were not maintained after the intervention ended.

然而，干预结束后效果并未维持。

trial_registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05121337.

ClinicalTrials.gov 注册号：NCT05121337。