Trial of a Maternal Diet Rich in Eggs and Peanuts to Reduce Infant Allergy.

Exposures to food allergens in utero and through breast milk have been proposed as a strategy to prevent food allergies in infants, but evidence from randomized trials is lacking.

有研究提出，通过宫内和母乳暴露于食物过敏原可能是一种预防婴儿食物过敏的策略，但来自随机试验的证据尚不充分。

Methods

In this multisite, randomized trial, pregnant women whose unborn child had at least two biologic family members with medically diagnosed allergic disease were eligible to participate.

在这项多中心的随机试验中，孕妇如果其未出生的孩子至少有两个生物学上的家庭成员被诊断出有过敏性疾病，则有资格参与。

Participants were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to follow either a diet high in eggs and peanuts that included at least 6 eggs and 60 peanuts per week (high egg-peanut group) or a standard (control) egg and peanut diet that included no more than 3 eggs and 30 peanuts per week (standard-diet group), from before 23 weeks' gestation until 4 months postnatally during lactation.

参与者按照1:1的比例被分配，分别遵循高鸡蛋和花生的饮食（高鸡蛋-花生组），每周至少摄入6个鸡蛋和60个花生，或者标准的（对照）鸡蛋和花生饮食（标准饮食组），每周不超过3个鸡蛋和30个花生，从怀孕23周前开始，直到产后4个月哺乳期间。

The primary outcome was IgE-mediated egg or peanut allergy in the infant at 1 year of age.

主要结果是婴儿在1岁时对鸡蛋或花生的IgE介导的过敏反应。

Results

A total of 1070 participants were assigned to the high egg-peanut group, and 1067 were assigned to the standard-diet group.

共有1070名参与者被分配到高鸡蛋-花生组，1067名被分配到标准饮食组。

There was no significant difference in the percentage of infants with IgE-mediated egg or peanut allergy between the maternal high egg-peanut group (83 of 1066, 7.8%) and the standard-diet group (89 of 1064, 8.4%) (relative risk, 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.69 to 1.26; P = 0.65).

在母亲高鸡蛋-花生组（1066名中有83名，7.8%）和标准饮食组（1064名中有89名，8.4%）之间，婴儿对鸡蛋或花生的IgE介导的过敏反应的百分比没有显著差异（相对风险，0.93；95%置信区间，0.69至1.26；P = 0.65）。

Safety measures were similar in the two groups.

两个组的安全措施相似。

Conclusions

The ingestion of high amounts of egg and peanut during pregnancy and lactation did not result in a significantly lower risk of the development of egg or peanut allergy in infants by 1 year of age than ingestion of low amounts of these foods.

在怀孕和哺乳期间摄入高量的鸡蛋和花生，并没有显著降低婴儿在1岁时发展出鸡蛋或花生过敏的风险，与摄入这些食物低量的情况相比。

(Funded by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council and others; PrEggNut Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry number, ACTRN12618000937213.).

该研究由澳大利亚国家健康与医学研究委员会和其他机构资助；PrEggNut澳大利亚新西兰临床试验注册号，ACTRN12618000937213。