Immune checkpoint therapy in pediatric and adolescent lymphomas.

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte- associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibition and programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibition are the most commonly utilized ICT in clinical cancer therapy, and they enhance anti-tumor immunity by interrupting the inhibitory signals CTLA-4 and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), respectively.

细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4（CTLA-4）抑制和程序性死亡受体1（PD-1）抑制是临床癌症治疗中最常用的免疫检查点疗法（ICT），它们通过中断抑制信号CTLA-4和程序性死亡配体1（PD-L1）来增强抗肿瘤免疫。

In pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma, ICT has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in both high-risk and relapsed disease, with investigation into the efficacy in low-risk disease ongoing.

在儿童霍奇金淋巴瘤中，ICT在高风险和复发性疾病中显示出显著的疗效，对低风险疾病的疗效仍在研究中。

Pediatric mature B-cell lymphomas have variable expression of PD-L1 and there is very limited experience of incorporating ICT in their treatment.

儿童成熟B细胞淋巴瘤的PD-L1表达不一，将免疫检查点疗法（ICT）纳入其治疗的经验非常有限。

Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL), anaplastic large cell lymphoma, aggressive natural killer-cell lymphoma, and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified all consistently express PD-L1, which provides a strong biological rationale for the use of ICT in these diseases.

原发性纵隔B细胞淋巴瘤（PMBCL）、间变性大细胞淋巴瘤、侵袭性自然杀伤细胞淋巴瘤和未分类的外周T细胞淋巴瘤均一致表达PD-L1，这为在这些疾病中使用免疫检查点疗法（ICT）提供了强有力的生物学依据。

In PMBCL, the Children's Oncology Group and the National Cancer Institute's National Clinical Trials Network recently completed a randomized phase III trial of nivolumab in combination with chemo-immunotherapy in children and adults with newly diagnosed PMBCL.

在原发性纵隔B细胞淋巴瘤（PMBCL）中，儿童肿瘤学组和国家癌症研究所的国家临床试验网络最近完成了一项随机III期试验，研究了纳武利尤单抗联合化疗免疫疗法在新诊断的儿童和成人PMBCL患者中的疗效。

Results of this trial are expected in 2027.

这项试验的结果预计将在2027年公布。

In anaplastic large cell lymphoma and aggressive natural killer-cell lymphoma, ongoing clinical trials are evaluating the efficacy of ICT.

在间变性大细胞淋巴瘤和侵袭性自然杀伤细胞淋巴瘤中，正在进行的临床试验正在评估免疫检查点疗法（ICT）的疗效。

Given the transformational role of ICT in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma, there is significant promise for the use of ICT in multiple subtypes of pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma with increased expression of PD-L1.

鉴于ICT在儿童霍奇金淋巴瘤中的变革性作用，对于在表达PD-L1增加的多种儿童非霍奇金淋巴瘤亚型中使用ICT，具有显著的前景。