Surveillance With Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography of Patients With Stage I-to-III Lung Cancer After Completion of Curative treatment (SUPE_R): A Randomized Controlled Trial.

This trial evaluates fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([18F]FDG PET/CT) versus contrast-enhanced CT (ceCT) for surveillance in patients with NSCLC.

该试验评估了氟-18氟脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描（[18F]FDG PET/CT）与增强计算机断层扫描（ceCT）在非小细胞肺癌患者监测中的应用。

Methods

In this multicenter, randomized controlled trial(SUPE_R, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03740126), patients with stage IA-to-IIIC NSCLC were randomized one-to-one to standard surveillance (ceCT) or surveillance with [18F]FDG PET/CT after completion of curative treatment.

在这项多中心、随机对照试验（SUPE_R，ClinicalTrials.gov 注册号 NCT03740126）中，将 IA 至 IIIC 期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为两组，一组接受标准监测（ceCT），另一组在完成根治性治疗后接受[18F]FDG PET/CT监测。

The primary outcome was the proportion of recurrences treated with curative intent.

主要结果是接受根治性治疗的复发比例。

Secondary outcomes included time to recurrence (TTR) and overall survival(OS).

次要结果包括复发时间（TTR）和总生存（OS）。

Results

Between February 2019 and February 2022, 750 patients were randomized to PET/CT (n = 373) or CT (n = 377).

在2019年2月至2022年2月期间，750名患者被随机分配到PET/CT组（n = 373）或CT组（n = 377）。

Recurrences occurred in 164 patients (22%).

复发发生在164名患者中（22%）。

The proportion of recurrences treated with curative intent was identical in the PET group (42/87) and CT group (37/77), both 48% (p = 0.98).

在PET组（42/87）和CT组（37/77）中，以治愈为目的治疗的复发比例相同，均为48%（p = 0.98）。

More recurrences were detected through scheduled follow-up in the PET group (90%) than in the CT group (77%; p = 0.02).

通过计划随访，在PET组中检测到更多的复发（90%），而在CT组中为77%（p = 0.02）。

There were no significant differences in TTR (hazard ratio1.12, 95% confidence interval0.82-1.52, p = 0.48) or OS (hazard ratio0.97, 95% confidence interval0.66-1.43, p = 0.89) between groups.

两组之间在TTR（风险比1.12，95%置信区间0.82-1.52，p = 0.48）或总生存（风险比0.97，95%置信区间0.66-1.43，p = 0.89）方面没有显著差异。

Conclusions

Surveillance with [18F]FDG PET/CT did not improve rates of curatively treated recurrences, TTR, or OS compared with ceCT in patients with NSCLC after curative treatment.

在经过治愈性治疗的非小细胞肺癌患者中，使用[18F]FDG PET/CT进行监测并没有提高治愈性治疗复发率、肿瘤特异性生存时间（TTR）或总生存（OS），与使用ceCT相比没有优势。

These findings do not support the routine use of [18F]FDG PET/CT for post-treatment surveillance in this patient population.

这些发现不支持在这一患者群体中常规使用[18F]FDG PET/CT进行治疗后监测。