Summary of WHO clinical practice guidelines for influenza.

The full guideline is available in MAGICapp and in PDF on the WHO website.

完整的指南可在MAGICapp上获取，并且在世界卫生组织网站上提供PDF格式下载。

The WHO guideline is primarily for healthcare providers and takes a patient-centred perspective on benefits and harms.

世界卫生组织的指南主要是为医疗保健提供者制定的，从患者中心的角度出发，评估益处和危害。

Other considerations include resource implications, acceptability, feasibility, equity, and human rights of relevance to healthcare systems.

其他考虑因素包括资源影响、可接受性、可行性、公平性以及与医疗系统相关的其他人权问题。

Recommendations were developed according to standards and methods for trustworthy guidelines by a panel of non-conflicted experts, as delineated in the WHO handbook (https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241548960).

这些推荐意见是由一组无利益冲突的专家根据世界卫生组织手册中描述的可信指南的标准和方法制定的（https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241548960）。

clinical_questions

What is the role of medications in treating non-severe and severe influenza including zoonotic disease (novel influenza A), and in preventing infection among contacts?

药物在治疗非严重和严重流感（包括动物源性流感A病毒）以及预防接触者感染中的作用是什么？

Which diagnostic testing strategies best enable rapid and accurate treatment decisions?

哪些诊断测试策略最能快速准确地帮助治疗决策？

context_and_current_practice

New randomised controlled trial(RCT) evidence, ongoing concerns about zoonotic disease, and the increasing availability of rapid diagnostic tests require updated guidance.

新的随机对照试验（RCT）证据、对人畜共患病的持续关注，以及快速诊断测试日益普及，需要更新的指导。

recommendations

apply to seasonal influenza and zoonotic influenza.

适用于季节性流感和动物源性流感。

There are 29 recommendations; 21 related to antiviral medications and six to adjunctive therapies to prevent and treat influenza.

共有29条建议；其中21条与抗病毒药物相关，另外6条与辅助疗法相关，用于预防和治疗流感。

Recommendations are stratified by severity of disease and risk of disease progression.

建议根据疾病的严重程度和疾病进展的风险进行分层。

For seasonal influenza, WHO conditionally recommends treatment within 48 hours of symptom onset with oseltamivir for severe illness, and baloxavir for patients at high risk of progression from non-severe to severe illness.

对于季节性流感，世界卫生组织有条件地推荐，在症状出现后48小时内使用奥司他韦治疗重症患者，对于有从非重症进展到重症高风险的患者，推荐使用巴洛沙韦。

WHO also conditionally recommends prophylaxis (using baloxavir, laninimavir, oseltamivir, or zanamivir) for anyone exposed to zoonotic influenza, and for those exposed to seasonal influenza who are at extremely high risk.

世界卫生组织（WHO）还建议对任何接触到人畜共患流感的人以及那些接触到季节性流感且处于极高风险的人有条件地使用预防性治疗（使用巴洛沙韦、兰尼米韦、奥司他韦或扎那米韦）

The panel issued recommendations against the use of adjunctive therapies in patients with non-severe influenza (strong recommendation against antibiotics) and severe influenza (conditional recommendation against corticosteroids, macrolides, mTOR inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and passive immune therapy).

专家组发布了针对非重症流感患者（强烈反对使用抗生素）和重症流感患者（有条件反对使用皮质类固醇、大环内酯类药物、mTOR抑制剂、非甾体抗炎药和被动免疫治疗）的辅助治疗建议。

A recommendation is made for diagnostic testing strategies in non-severe and severe influenza disease.

建议制定针对非重症和重症流感疾病的诊断测试策略。

the_evidence

Four systematic reviews of RCTs provided low to very low certainty evidence on benefits and harms of antiviral medications and adjunctive therapies.

四项系统评价的随机对照试验提供了关于抗病毒药物和辅助治疗的益处和危害的低至非常低的证据确定性。

A systematic reviewof prognostic factors provided baseline risk estimates and information on individual risk factors for disease progression.

系统评价预后因素提供了疾病进展的基线风险估计和个体风险因素的信息。

A decision analysis model informed recommendations for testing based on alternative potential diagnostic pathways.

决策分析模型基于不同的潜在诊断途径提供了测试的建议。