Invasive fungal infections after Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

We conducted a systematic reviewand meta-analysisof 88 studies including 23 737 patients to evaluate the prevalenceand risk factors for IFIs in this population.

我们对88项研究进行了系统综述和荟萃分析，这些研究共包括23,737名患者，以评估这一人群IFIs的患病率和风险因素。

Among 16 studies that applied the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium consensus definitions of IFIs, the pooled prevalenceof proven/probable IFIs was 2.83% (95% confidence interval[CI], 1.97-4.06), with the highest prevalenceobserved in patients with central nervous system lymphoma (9.02%).

在应用欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织和真菌病研究与教育联盟共识定义的16项研究中，经证实/可能的侵袭性真菌感染(IFIs)的汇总患病率为2.83%（95%置信区间[CI]，1.97-4.06），其中中枢神经系统淋巴瘤患者的患病率最高（9.02%）。

Aspergillosis was the most frequently reported IFI (1.76%), followed by pneumocystosis, candidiasis, and cryptococcosis.

曲霉病是最常报告的IFI（1.76%），其次是肺孢子虫病、念珠菌病和隐球菌病。

The risk factors significantly associated with proven/probable IFIs were concurrent corticosteroid use (odds ratio [OR], 5.03; 95% CI, 2.31-10.92) and ≥3 previous lines of therapy (OR, 3.26; 95% CI, 1.54-6.88).

与证实/可能的侵袭性真菌感染（IFI）显著相关的风险因素包括同时使用皮质类固醇（比值比[OR]，5.03；95%置信区间，2.31-10.92）和≥3种之前的治疗线（OR，3.26；95%置信区间，1.54-6.88）。

Across clinical trials, the prevalenceof fungal infections varied across BTKI agents, ranging from 2.50% with tirabrutinib, to 0.62% with pirtobrutinib.

在临床试验中，真菌感染的患病率因BTKI药物而异，从tirabrutinib的2.50%到pirtobrutinib的0.62%不等。

Data on antifungal and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis were limited and inconclusive.

关于抗真菌和肺孢子虫肺炎预防的数据有限且结论不明确。

Among clinical trials that reported fungal infections as adverse events, the prevalenceof IFI was the highest in patients treated with tirabrutinib (2.50%), followed by zanubrutinib (2.13%), ibrutinib (1.75%), acalabrutinib (1.31%), orelabrutinib (1.08%), and pirtobrutinib (0.62%).

在报告真菌感染作为不良事件的临床试验中，接受tirabrutinib治疗的患者侵袭性真菌感染（IFI）的患病率最高（2.50%），其次是zanubrutinib（2.13%）、ibrutinib（1.75%）、acalabrutinib（1.31%）、orelabrutinib（1.08%）和pirtobrutinib（0.62%）。

Although some findings suggest a potential benefit in selected patients, current evidence remains insufficient to support broad prophylaxis recommendations.

尽管一些发现表明在选定的患者中可能存在潜在益处，但目前的证据仍不足以支持广泛的预防性建议。

These results underscore the need for individualized risk assessment and further research to inform prevention strategies.

这些结果强调了需要进行个体化风险评估和进一步的研究，以指导预防策略。